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请回答以下问题．
1．what is [leptospirosis] ?
2.what are the symptoms associated with this diease ?
3.how do people get it ?
4.how long is it between the time of exposure and whaen people become sick ?
how can it be treated ?
6.how can it be prevented ?
请用英文回程以下的题目

What is leptospirosis?
Leptospirosis is a bacterial disease that affects humans and animals.It is caused by bacteria of the genus Leptospira.In humans it causes a wide range of symptoms,and some infected persons may have no symptoms at all.Symptoms of leptospirosis include high fever,severe headache,chills,muscle aches,and vomiting,and may include jaundice (yellow skin and eyes),red eyes,abdominal pain,diarrhea,or a rash.If the disease is not treated,the patient could develop kidney damage,meningitis (inflammation of the membrane around the brain and spinal cord),liver failure,and respiratory distress.In rare cases death occurs.
Many of these symptoms can be mistaken for other diseases.Leptospirosis is confirmed by laboratory testing of a blood or urine sample.
what are the symptoms associated with this diease
The clinical signs of leptospirosis vary and are nonspecific.Sometimes pets do not have any symptoms.Common clinical signs reported in dogs include fever,vomiting,abdominal pain,diarrhea,refusal to eat,severe weakness and depression,stiffness,severe muscle pain,or inability to have puppies.Generally younger animals are more seriously affected than older animals.
How do people get leptospirosis?
Outbreaks of leptospirosis are usually caused by exposure to water contaminated with the urine of infected animals.Many different kinds of animals carry the bacterium; they may become sick but sometimes have no symptoms.Leptospira organisms have been found in cattle,pigs,horses,dogs,rodents,and wild animals.Humans become infected through contact with water,food,or soil containing urine from these infected animals.This may happen by swallowing contaminated food or water or through skin contact,especially with mucosal surfaces,such as the eyes or nose,or with broken skin.The disease is not known to be spread from person to person.
How long is it between the time of exposure and when people become sick?
The time between a person's exposure to a contaminated source and becoming sick is 2 days to 4 weeks.Illness usually begins abruptly with fever and other symptoms.Leptospirosis may occur in two phases; after the first phase,with fever,chills,headache,muscle aches,vomiting,or diarrhea,the patient may recover for a time but become ill again.If a second phase occurs,it is more severe; the person may have kidney or liver failure or meningitis.This phase is also called Weil's disease.
The illness lasts from a few days to 3 weeks or longer.Without treatment,recovery may take several months.
how can it be treated
Leptospirosis is treated with antibiotics,such as doxycycline or penicillin,which should be given early in the course of the disease.Intravenous antibiotics may be required for persons with more severe symptoms.Persons with symptoms suggestive of leptospirosis should contact a
health care provider.
how can it be prevented
The risk of acquiring leptospirosis can be greatly reduced by not swimming or wading in water that might be contaminated with animal urine.
Protective clothing or footwear should be worn by those exposed to contaminated water or soil because of their job or recreational activities.