英语翻译The relationship between such animals,known as pollinato

英语翻译
The relationship between such animals,known as pollinators,and the flowering plants has been one of the most important features of the evolution of both grpups.By using insects to transfer pollen,the flowering plants can disperse their gametes on a regular and more or less controlled basis,despite the fact that they are anchored to their substrate.
For pollination by animals to be effective,it is necessary that a particular insect or other animal visit numerous plant individuals of the same species.The color and form of flowers have been shaped by evolution to promote such specialization.Yellow flowers are particularly attractive to bees,whereas red flowers attract birds but are not particularly noticed by insects.Some flowers have very long floral tubes with the nectar produceed deep within them; only the long,slender beaks of hummingbirds or the long,coiled tongues of moths or butterflies can reach nectar supplies of this kind.Specialized flowers that attract certain kinds of animals consistently take advantage of these visits in spreading their pollen accurately from individual to individual.The animals that visit flowers in this way perform the same functions for the flowering plants that they do for themselves when they actively search out mates.
The most numerous insect-pollinated angiosperms are those pollinated by bees,a large group of insects consisting of some 20000 species.Bees are the most frequent,characteristic,and constant visitors to particular kinds of flowers today.On the other hand,they certainly did not pollinate the most primitive angiosperms,in which beetles may have existed when angiosperms first appeared.The diversity of flowering plants that we see today is closely related to later specialization of angiosperms in relation to bees.The coevolutionsry relationships between the members of these two groups are often tightly linked.

这样动物之间的关系,叫作传粉者和开花植物是其中一个两个的演变的最重要的特点.通过使用转移花粉的昆虫,开花植物可能分散他们的在正规兵和更或较不受控依据的配子,竟管他们停住对他们的基体.由的动物的For授粉有效,是必要的一只特殊昆虫或同一个种类的其他动物参观许多植物个体.花的颜色和形式由演变塑造促进这样专业化.黄色花对蜂特别有吸引力,而红色花吸引鸟,但是没有由昆虫特别注意.有些花有非常长的花卉管用在他们之内的深深花蜜; 只蜂鸟的长,苗条额嘴或飞蛾的长,卷起的舌头或蝴蝶可能到达这种类花蜜供应.一贯地吸引某些种类动物的专业花从单独利用在准确涂他们的花粉的这些参观到个体.这样参观花的动物执行他们为他们自己做的开花植物的同样作用,当他们有效地寻找时联接.
蜂是那些授粉的最众多的昆虫被授粉的被子植物,包括大约20000个种类的一个大小组昆虫.蜂今天是最频繁,最典型和恒定的访客对特殊的种类花.在另一只手上,他们一定没有授粉最原始的被子植物,甲虫也许存在了,当被子植物首先出现.我们今天看见开花植物的变化是密切相关对被子植物的最新专业化关于蜂.这两个小组之间的成员的关系经常紧紧连接.