英语翻译In 1860,a South Australian,John McDouall Stuart,became t

英语翻译
In 1860,a South Australian,John McDouall Stuart,became the first European to gaze upon the 'red centre'.However,a combination of scurvy,lack of water and hostile Aborigines forced him to turn back before he could reach the north coast.
In the same year Robert O'Hara Burke and William John Wills set out from Melbourne to travel to the Gulf of Carpentaria,Qld,via the Darling River and Cooper's Creek.Funded entirely by the newly independent colony of Victoria,partly by subscription,there was much public interest in their expedition.
The party consisted of 15 men and they were provided with camels,horses,wagons and enough food for two years.They left Melbourne on 20 August,1860.After a slow passage they reached Menindee,NSW,on the Darling River at the beginning of October.Here,in a controversial move,Burke left most of his men and equipment and set out with six men and 15 camels for Cooper's Creek,Qld.
Camp at Coopers Creek,c.1862,by S.T.Gill
Watercolour DGA 15/ 3
At the Cooper's Creek depot,stores were left under the charge of William Brahe.Burke plunged on with three men,Wills,John King and Charles Gray in a dash for the Gulf of Carpentaria.They reached the Gulf,half starving,in February,1861.During the return journey Gray died.When the three remaining men staggered into the depot at Cooper's Creek they found it deserted - the ashes of the campfires still warm.Brahe's party had left only seven hours earlier with most of the food.
Arrival at Carpentaria,c.1862,by S.T.Gill
Watercolour DGA 15/ 6
Instead of following them,Burke decided to make for the police station at Mount Hopeless,150 miles away.Before leaving he buried a letter explaining his decision.The three men were too weak to make much progress and they stayed close to Cooper's Creek hoping to be rescued.Wills died first followed by Burke two days later.King managed to survive with the help of the local Aboriginal people and was eventually found by a rescue party led by A.W.Howitt.
\x05Read the explorer's narratives,published in The Illustrated Australian Mail
A Royal Commission was held to enquire into the deaths of Burke and Wills.It found that Burke had made a number of wrong decisions.Burke's journey had little value in terms of exploration as he failed to keep a detailed journal and made no scientific observations.His route through tropical Queensland was only practical in the exceptionally dry season he had experienced.
The artist William Strutt (1825-1915) took a keen interest in the Victorian Exploring Expedition.He watched the preparations and departure of the explorers and even followed them to their first camp at Essendon,where he had some photographs taken.These are the only known photographs of the expedition.Strutt's Burke and Wills albums also contain his own detailed drawings and notes which he used as source material for his later artworks.

1860年,南澳大利亚,约翰McDouall斯图亚特,成为欧洲首家凝望“红中心”.然而,结合坏血病,缺乏水和敌对的土著人迫使他回头才能到达北海岸.
同年罗伯特·奥哈拉伯克和威廉·约翰遗嘱从墨尔本到出发前往墨西哥湾的影响,昆士兰,通过亲爱的河和库珀的小溪.资金完全由新独立的殖民地维多利亚,部分是通过订阅,有许多是公共利益在他们的探险.
这个团体由15名男子和他们被提供了骆驼、马、货车和足够的食物为两年.他们离开了墨尔本在8月20日,1860.经过缓慢的通道他们到达宁第、新南威尔士,亲爱的河十月初.在这里,在一个有争议的举动,伯克离开他的大多数男性和设备和出发了六个人,15骆驼供库珀的小河,昆士兰.
营地Coopers溪,c.1862,通过s.t.吉尔
水彩DGA 15 / 3
在库珀的溪车厂,商店的指控下离开,威廉·布拉赫.伯克滑落和三个男人,遗嘱,约翰国王和查尔斯·格雷在少量的国家的影响.他们抵达波斯湾,半饥饿,1861年2月.在回程的旅途中,灰色的死亡.当剩下的三人跌跌撞撞地走进车库库珀的溪他们发现它荒芜-灰的篝火仍然温暖.布拉赫的政党已经只剩下7个小时之前大部分的食物.
到达影响,c.1862,通过s.t.吉尔
水彩DGA 15/6
而不是跟着他们,伯克决定让警察局的山无望,150英里之外.离开之前他埋一封信解释他的决定.这三个人太弱了,取得多大进展和他们住得靠近库珀溪的希望被营救.遗嘱死亡首先按照伯克两天后.国王得以生存的帮助下,当地的土著居民,最后被发现被救援队小温何汇特领导的.
读探险者的叙述中,发表在《图解澳大利亚邮件
一个皇家委员会举行的死亡调查伯克和遗嘱.它发现,伯克犯了一个错误的决定的数量.伯克的旅程没有勘探方面的价值,他没能保持一个详细的日志,没有科学的观察.他的路线通过昆士兰热带只是实际在特别干燥季节他所经历的.
这位艺术家威廉这(1825 - 1915)感到非常有兴趣在维多利亚探索探险.他看着的准备工作并离开探险家甚至跟着他们他们的第一Essendon营地,在那里他有一些照片.这些是唯一已知的探险队的照片.这是伯克和遗嘱专辑也包含自己的详细图纸和笔记,用于源材料在他后期的作品.