英语翻译A chassis in general is required to carry the weight of

英语翻译
A chassis in general is required to carry the weight of the vehicle and its passengers; to withstand the engine and transmission torque,thrust,accelerating and braking torque; to resist the effect of centrifugal forces when cornering a curve; and to withstand bending and twisting stresses due to the fluctuating of rear and front axles.For these purposes,the chassis frame is made up of two side members constructed either of channel of boxscotions and welded or riveted to the horizontal members.To permit sufficient movement of the steering wheels,the frames taper inwards at the front of the taper starting at the rear runs for the full length of the vehicle.To allow for the vertical movement of the rear axles,the side members also sweep upwards.
In order to provide a good resistance to bending and torsional effects the frame sections should be made of proper forms.There are three common types of frame section,i.e.channel,tubular and box which are used on the motor vehicles.Channel section provides good resistance to bending but is poor in torsion while tubular sections provide good resistance to torsion and poor resistance to bending.The box sections are comparatively resistant to bending and torsion.
In comparison to heavier solid rectangular sections,a slightly deeper or box section provides the same resistance to bending.The main factor governing the strength of the tubular section is the distance between the top compression member and the lower tension member.For drilling a hole in the chassis frame either to reduce the weight of attach some component to it,it should be located in a low-stress region or the neutral axis.To avoid breaking of a beam at the centre due to the stress being greatest at this point,the beam should be provided either the same deep section throughout or a varying depth sections in comparison to stress.
The design of the frame should be such as to give clearance for bump movement of axles and steering movement of the front wheels for which the pressed steel channel section side members are up swept over the axles and inswept at the front.By varying the depths of the section according to the stress requirements,the bending of the side members can be resisted.
A cruciform or X type bracing riveted to plate at the centre is used to prevent the lozenging of the frame.But this type of frame is weak in torsion and has to take up many stresses resulting in cracking of certain body panels,rattling and movement between door and pillar.
Now carbon steel (0.15%~0.25%)is generally used to make most of the frame members.But for highly stressed commercial vehicles frames,a steel of slightly higher carbon content (0.15%~0.30%)respective to heat treatment is used.
Nowadays frames are made as rigid as possible by stiffening them with sufficient cross bracings.

在一般是需要一个底盘的车辆和乘客,能够承受的发动机和传动力矩、推力,加速和制动力矩的影响,来抵御离心力时曲线,能够承受弯曲和扭转应力造成的波动、轴.为了实现这一目的,底盘框架是由两个边的渠道成员构造boxscotions和焊接或铆接到这个水平的成员.允许足够的运动的帧方向盘、锥度局限于出发前的锥度后跑了车辆的长度.允许为垂直运动的后轴,边成员也打扫向上.
为了提供一个良好的抗弯曲和扭转效应框架部分应采用适当的形式.有三种常见的框架,即渠道,管状,盒子,里面是用于车辆.部分提供了良好的渠道弯曲但是差在扭转而管的部分提供良好的抗扭力和可怜的抗弯曲.这个盒子段较为耐弯曲和扭转.
在比较重固矩形部分,稍深或部分提供相同的抗弯曲.控制强度的主要因素的管状部分之间的距离压缩域和顶部低张力的成员.为钻孔的底盘框架要么减轻体重的附加部分组成,它应该安装在一个低应力区或中性轴.为了避免打破梁的中心是最大的压力,在这一点上,也应提供梁截面相同的深不同深度的整个或部分中比较紧张.
这个设计的框架应如给予许可的凹凸运动和方向盘轴运动的前轮的钢冲压渠道成员都是上段身边掠过轴和inswept在前面.通过改变深海的部分根据压力要求、弯边成员可以抵抗.
一个十字或X型支架,支撑板中心是用来防止lozenging的框架.但是这种类型的框架是软弱的,已经采取了扭转应力导致开裂多,引起某些主体板柱和运动之间的门.
现在碳钢(0.15% 0.25%)通常是用来使大部分的框架的成员.但是对于高压力商用车辆架、钢的含碳量略高(0.15% 0.30%)各自的热处理的使用.
如今帧作为刚性尽可能以加劲他们足够的交叉撑.