英语翻译also called environmental pollution the addition of any

英语翻译
also called environmental pollution the addition of any substance or form of energy (e.g.,heat,sound,radioactivity) to the environment at a rate faster than the environment can accommodate it by dispersion,breakdown,recycling,or storage in some harmless form.
A pollutant need not be harmful in itself.Carbon dioxide,for example,is a normal component of the atmosphere and a by-product of respiration that is found in all animal tissues; yet in a concentrated form it can kill animals.Human sewage can be a useful fertilizer,but when concentrated too highly it becomes a serious pollutant,menacing health and causing the depletion of oxygen in bodies of water.By contrast,radioactivity in any quantity is harmful to life,despite the fact that it occurs normally in the environment as so-called background radiation.
Pollution has accompanied mankind ever since groups of people first congregated and remained for a long time in any one place.Primitive human settlements can be recognized by their pollutants—shell mounds and rubble heaps.But pollution was not a serious problem as long as there was enough space available for each individual or group.With the establishment of permanent human settlements by great numbers of people,however,pollution became a problem and has remained one ever since.Cities of ancient times were often noxious places,fouled by human wastes and debris.In the Middle Ages,unsanitary urban conditions favoured the outbreak of population-decimating epidemics.During the 19th century,water and air pollution and the accumulation of solid wastes were largely the problems of only a few large cities.But,with the rise of advanced technology and with the rapid spread of industrialization and the concomitant increase in human populations to unprecedented levels,pollution has become a universal problem.
The various kinds of pollution are most conveniently considered under three headings:air,water,and land.

也叫的环境污染所有物质的加法或能量的形式(即,热、声音,放射线)对环境以速度快速比环境可能由分散作用,故障,回收或者存贮容纳它以某种无害的形式.
A污染物本身不需要是有害的.二氧化碳,例如,是大气和在所有动物组织被找到呼吸作用的副产物的一个正常组分; 以一种被集中的形式它可能杀害动物.当集中它太高度变得一严肃的污染物,邪恶的健康和导致氧气的取尽在水体,人的污水可以是一种有用的肥料,但是.相反,在任何数量的放射线对生活是有害的,竟管它在环境里通常发生作为所谓的本底辐射.
污染自在所有一个地方首先聚集和长期保持人伴随人类.原始人的解决可以由他们的pollutants—shell土墩和瓦砾堆认可.只要有足够的空间可利用为每个单独或小组,但是污染不是一个严重的问题.永久人的解决的创立由很大数量的人民的,然而,污染成为了问题并且有保持的一个自那以后.古老时期城市经常是有毒地方,弄脏由人粪尿和残骸.在中世纪,不卫生的都市情况倾向了人口消灭的流行病爆发.在19世纪、水和大气污染和固体废料的储积期间主要是仅一些大都市的问题.但是,与先进技术的上升和与工业化迅速传播和在人口的伴随增量对史无前例的水平,污染成为了一个普遍问题.
The各种各样的种类污染方便地被考虑在三个标题以下：空气、水和土地.