英语翻译3.a contractile vacuole removes excess water4.moves by a

英语翻译
3.a contractile vacuole removes excess water
4.moves by amoeboid movement,extending pseudopod and flowing into them
5.taxes are responses to a stimulus
b.Phylum Ciliophora ( the ciliates)
i.Paramecium
1.Have a pellicle that is a firm but flexible covering over the plasma membrane
2.cilia cover the paramecium can beat forward or backward
3.Teh macronucleus aids in its high metabolism
4.The micronucleus functions during conjugation
5.When feeding,food sweeps into the oral groove then through the mouth pore and into the gullet
6.Has two contractile vacuoles
7.Displays taxis
8.Has defense mechanisms called trichocysts
9.Reproduces asexually by binary fission
10.Reproduces sexually by conjugation
c.Phylum Sporozoa (the sporozoans)
i.All are parasitic
ii.Plasmodium
1.Causes the disease malaria
2.carried by the female anopheles mosquito
3.cells develop in the mosquito and migrate to the salivary glands causing infection to those bitten.
d.PHylum Zoomastigina (the flagellates)
i.Have one or more flagella
ii.Reproduce mainly by binary fission
The Algae
i.Algae are photosynthetic organism that capture the sun's energy in aquatic environments
ii.Tiny floating organism are called plankton
1.zooplankton - tiny floating animals or protozoans
2.phytoplankton - tiny floating photosynthetic organisms,mostly algae
b.Algal structure
i.The thallus is the basic unit of an alga
1.can be single celled or multicellular
2.do not form true tissues or organs
3.Ones that are not free floating are held by holdfasts
a.These algae are said to be sessile
4.air bladders cause a thallus to float
ii.Algal reproduction
1.Can be sexual or asezual
a.unicellular reproduction
i.asexually,it forms a zoospore
Sexually,it forms a zygospore
b.multicellular reproduction
i.asexually,by fragmentation
sexually,by conjugation or gametes
c.Algal classification
i.Phylum Euglenophyta
1.The euglena
a.Primarily is photosynthetic but can be heterotrophic,absorbing dissolved nutrients
b.It is covered with a shape-sustaining pellicle.
c.Has alight sensitive eyspot
d.Has single nucleus
e.A contractile vacuole maintains water blance
f.moves by flagella and euglenoid movement
别用翻译器谢谢,都读不通

注：Phylum是门,但我记得有些应该是纲,所以这些我翻译成亚门
3.伸缩泡排出多余的水
4.通过变形的方式运动：首先伸出伪足,随后胞质流入其中
5.对刺激的反应表现为趋性(趋向或者逃避)
i.纤毛亚门（纤毛虫）
1.细胞膜外覆盖一层坚韧的薄膜
2.草履虫体表的纤毛划动时能够使虫体前进或后退
3.Teh（不会翻）大核参与新陈代谢
4.小核在结合生殖时发挥功能
5.摄食时,食物被纤毛扫进口沟,通过胞口,进入食道
6.有两个伸缩泡
7.具有趋性
8.通过刺丝泡进行防卫
9.可以通过分裂进行无性繁殖
10.也可以通过结合生殖进行有性繁殖
c.孢子亚门（孢子虫）
i.均营寄生
ii.疟原虫
1.引发疟疾
2.通过雌性按蚊传播
3.细胞在蚊子体内发育到一定阶段后进入蚊的唾液腺,导致叮咬时的感染
d.鞭毛亚门（猜的）(鞭毛虫)
i.有一条或多条鞭毛
ii.主要通过分裂的方式生殖
藻类
i.藻类是光合作用的生物,能转化太阳能,生活在水体中
ii.漂浮在水面的小型生物体被称为浮游生物
1.浮游动物 - 漂浮在水面的小型动物或原生动物
2.浮游植物 - 漂浮在水面的小型光合作用生物,主要是藻类
b.藻类的结构
i.藻类的基本单位是叶状体
1.单细胞或多细胞
2.不会形成真正的组织或器官
3.不能自由浮动的种类通过吸盘（藻类基部的类根结构）固定
a.这些藻类被称为营固着生活
4.叶状体中的气泡使它能漂在水面
ii.藻类的繁殖
1.有性或无性生殖
a.单细胞繁殖
i.无性生殖时产生能游动的孢子
有性生殖时形成合子
b.多细胞繁殖
i.无性生殖时采用分裂的方式
有性生殖时进行结合生殖或配子体结合
c.藻类的分类
i.裸藻门
1.裸藻属
a.通常进行光合作用.但也可以吸收水中溶解的营养物质,营异养生活
b.包被一层具有支持作用的薄膜
c.有眼点,能感光
d.单核
e.有一个伸缩性的液泡保持水分的平衡
f.通过鞭毛的摆动或变形运动进行移动