英语翻译The first hundred years of Nobel Prizes for Chemistry gi

英语翻译
The first hundred years of Nobel Prizes for Chemistry give a beautiful picture of the development of modern chemistry.The prizes cover the whole spectrum of the basic chemical sciences,from theoretical chemistry to biochemistry,and also a number of contributions to applied chemistry.From a quantitative point of view,organic chemistry dominates with no less than 25 awards.This is not surprising,since the special valence properties of carbon result in an almost infinite variation in the structure of organic compounds.Also,a large number of the prizes in organic chemistry were given for investigations of the chemistry of natural products of increasing complexity and thus are on the border to biochemistry.
As many as 11 prizes have been awarded for biochemical discoveries.Even if the first biochemical prize was already given in 1907 (Buchner),only three awards in this area came in the first half of the century,illustrating the explosive growth of biochemistry in recent decades (8 prizes in 1970-1997).At the other end of the chemical spectrum,physical chemistry,including chemical thermodynamics and kinetics,dominates with 14 prizes,but there has also been 6 prizes in theoretical chemistry.Chemical structure is another large area with 8 prizes,including awards for methodological developments as well as for the determination of the structure of large biological molecules or molecular complexes.Industrial chemistry was first recognized in 1931 (Bergius,Bosch),but many more recent prizes for basic contributions lie close to industrial applications,for example,those in polymer chemistry.

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The first hundred years of Nobel Prizes for Chemistry give a beautiful picture of the development of modern chemistry.
诺贝尔化学奖的第一个百年,展示出了一个近代化学发展的美丽画面.